Techno-Economic Assessment and Optimization of Grid-Connected Solar Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in Urban Indonesia

Document Type : Research Article

Authors
Linda Faridah 1
Rustam Asnawi 1
Handaru Jati 1
Nurwijayanti KN 2
1 Department of Electrical Science, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Dirgantara Markesal Suryadarma, Jakarta, Indonesia
10.22059/jser.2026.401157.1623
Abstract
This study evaluates the feasibility of a grid connected rooftop photovoltaic system for fast charging using a 120  case study in Bandung. Photovoltaic energy yield is validated using , while hourly energy balance and discounted cash flow are analyzed in HOMER Pro for three scenarios namely  grid only,  photovoltaic with self consumption only, and photovoltaic with net billing export credit. The model applies local climate data, a capital cost of 20 million rupiah per kilowatt peak, and a real discount rate of eight percent, resulting in a performance ratio of 0.78 to 0.82 and annual photovoltaic production of about 160 megawatt hours. For a fast charging station with an annual load of 182.5 megawatt hours or 500 kilowatt hours per day from a 50 kilowatt charger, photovoltaic generation supplies 63 percent of demand with 72 percent self-consumption. Compared with the scenario, photovoltaic integration reduces the Net Present Cost by 9 to 13 percent, lowers the cost of energy to 910 to 940 rupiah per kilowatt hour, achieves an 8 to 10 year payback period, and avoids about 87 tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually.
Keywords
Discounted cash flow
EV charging
Grid connected PV
HOMER Pro
Net billing
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Journal of Solar Energy Research
Volume 11, Issue 1
Winter 2026
Pages 2835-2850