Numerical Multi-Variable Investigation and Optimization of a High-Temperature Hydrogen Production Process Using Solar-Based Heliostat Field and Supercritical CO2 Utilization
Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Elm-o-Fann University College of Science and Technology, Urmia, Iran
10.22059/jser.2022.351972.1268
Abstract
With regard to the sustainability of using carbon dioxide in supercritical processes, this study proposes a novel power/hydrogen cogeneration arrangement consisting of a recompression supercritical carbon dioxide gas turbine cycle and a solid oxide water electrolysis unit in integration with a high-temperature solar-based heliostat field. The steady operation of the system is also guaranteed by means of thermal energy storage tanks. On this path, a numerical multi-variable study and optimization of the entire system are conducted. Hence, four main parameters are viewed to study the sensitivity of the net power output, hydrogen output, energy and exergy efficiencies, and unit cost of products. Hence, a genetic algorithm is applied to investigate the optimum conditions of the entire system considering the maximum energy and exergy efficiencies and the minimum unit cost of products as objective functions. Looking at the results, the sensitivity of the outcomes is further affected by the increase in compressor 1 inlet pressure. Besides, the optimum energy efficiency is 26.81%, optimum exergy efficiency is 21.03%, and optimum unit cost of products is 18.79 $/GJ are attainable.
Keywords
[1] Abdollahi Haghghi, M., Pesteei, S. M., & Chitsaz, A. (2018). Thermodynamic analysis of using parabolic trough solar collectors for power and heating generation at the engineering faculty of Urmia University in Iran. Journal of Solar Energy Research, 3(3), 187-200.
[2] Athari, H., Abdollahi Haghghi, M., Delpisheh, M., & Rahimi, Y. (2021). Assessment of wet compression integrated with air-film blade cooling in gas turbine power plants. Journal of Solar Energy Research, 6(4), 913-922.
[3] Cao, Y., Dhahad, H. A., Togun, H., Haghghi, M. A., Athari, H., & Mohamed, A. M. (2021). Exergetic and economic assessments and multi-objective optimization of a modified solar-powered CCHP system with thermal energy storage. Journal of Building Engineering, 43, 102702.
[4] Haghghi, M. A., & Pesteei, S. M. (2017). Energy and exergy analysis of flat plate solar collector for three working fluids, under the same conditions. Progress in Solar Energy and Engineering Systems, 1(1), 1-9.
[5] Tyagi, H., Agarwal, A. K., Chakraborty, P. R., & Powar, S. (2019). Introduction to advances in solar energy research. In Advances in Solar Energy Research (pp. 3-11). Springer, Singapore.
[6] Abdollahi Haghghi, M., Pesteei, S. M., & Chitsaz Khoyi, A. (2019). Exergoeconomic analysis of a heating and power generation solar system for using at the engineering faculty of Urmia University. Modares Mechanical Engineering, 19(2), 415-427.
[7] Haghghi, M. A., Holagh, S. G., Pesteei, S. M., Chitsaz, A., & Talati, F. (2019). On the performance, economic, and environmental assessment of integrating a solar-based heating system with conventional heating equipment; a case study. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress, 13, 100392.
[8] Ghaffarzadeh, N., & Faramarzi, H. (2022). Optimal Solar plant placement using holomorphic embedded power Flow Considering the clustering technique in uncertainty analysis. Journal of Solar Energy Research, 7(1), 997-1007.
[9] Mbachu, V. M., Muogbo, A. G., Ezeanaka, O. S., Ejichukwu, E. O., & Ekwunife, T. D. (2022). An Economic Based Analysis of Fossil Fuel Powered Generator and Solar Photovoltaic System as Complementary Electricity Source for a University Student’s Room. Journal of Solar Energy Research, 7(4), 1159-1173.
[10] Sezer, N., Biçer, Y., & Koç, M. (2019). Design and analysis of an integrated concentrated solar and wind energy system with storage. International Journal of Energy Research, 43(8), 3263-3283.
[11] Zoghi, M., Habibi, H., Choubari, A. Y., & Ehyaei, M. A. (2021). Exergoeconomic and environmental analyses of a novel multi-generation system including five subsystems for efficient waste heat recovery of a regenerative gas turbine cycle with hybridization of solar power tower and biomass gasifier. Energy Conversion and Management, 228, 113702.
[12] Yuksel, Y. E., Ozturk, M., & Dincer, I. (2019). Energetic and exergetic assessments of a novel solar power tower based multigeneration system with hydrogen production and liquefaction. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(26), 13071-13084.
[13] Colakoglu, M., & Durmayaz, A. (2022). Energy, exergy and economic analyses and multiobjective optimization of a novel solar multi-generation system for production of green hydrogen and other utilities. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.
[14] Nedaei, N., Azizi, S., & Farshi, L. G. (2022). Performance assessment and multi-objective optimization of a multi-generation system based on solar tower power: A case study in Dubai, UAE. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 161, 295-315.
[15] Wang, X., Liu, Q., Lei, J., Han, W., & Jin, H. (2018). Investigation of thermodynamic performances for two-stage recompression supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle with high temperature thermal energy storage system. Energy conversion and management, 165, 477-487.
[16] Liang, Y., Chen, J., Luo, X., Chen, J., Yang, Z., & Chen, Y. (2020). Simultaneous optimization of combined supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle and organic Rankine cycle integrated with concentrated solar power system. Journal of Cleaner Production, 266, 121927.
[17] Sachdeva, J., & Singh, O. (2019). Thermodynamic analysis of solar powered triple combined Brayton, Rankine and organic Rankine cycle for carbon free power. Renewable Energy, 139, 765-780.
[18] Sadeghi, S., Ghandehariun, S., & Rezaie, B. (2021). Energy and exergy analyses of a solar-based multi-generation energy plant integrated with heat recovery and thermal energy storage systems. Applied Thermal Engineering, 188, 116629.
[19] Keshavarzzadeh, A. H., Ahmadi, P., & Rosen, M. A. (2020). Technoeconomic and environmental optimization of a solar tower integrated energy system for freshwater production. Journal of Cleaner Production, 270, 121760.
[20] Khatoon, S., & Kim, M. H. (2020). Performance analysis of carbon dioxide based combined power cycle for concentrating solar power. Energy Conversion and Management, 205, 112416.
[21] Yang, J., Yang, Z., & Duan, Y. (2020). Off-design performance of a supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle integrated with a solar power tower system. Energy, 201, 117676.
[22] Mohammadi, K., McGowan, J. G., & Saghafifar, M. (2019). Thermoeconomic analysis of multi-stage recuperative Brayton power cycles: Part I-hybridization with a solar power tower system. Energy Conversion and Management, 185, 898-919.
[23] Chitsaz, A., Haghghi, M. A., & Hosseinpour, J. (2019). Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analyses of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system and the feasibility evaluation of integrating with a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEME). Energy Conversion and Management, 186, 487-499.
[24] Haghghi, M. A., Holagh, S. G., Chitsaz, A., & Parham, K. (2019). Thermodynamic assessment of a novel multi-generation solid oxide fuel cell-based system for production of electrical power, cooling, fresh water, and hydrogen. Energy Conversion and Management, 197, 111895.
[25] Cao, Y., Dhahad, H. A., Sun, Y. L., Haghghi, M. A., Delpisheh, M., Athari, H., & Farouk, N. (2021). The role of input gas species to the cathode in the oxygen-ion conducting and proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells and their applications: Comparative 4E analysis. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(37), 19569-19589.
[26] Wang, L., Chen, M., Küngas, R., Lin, T. E., Diethelm, S., & Maréchal, F. (2019). Power-to-fuels via solid-oxide electrolyzer: Operating window and techno-economics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 110, 174-187.
[27] Iora, P., & Chiesa, P. (2009). High efficiency process for the production of pure oxygen based on solid oxide fuel cell–solid oxide electrolyzer technology. Journal of Power Sources, 190(2), 408-416.
[28] Delpisheh, M., Haghghi, M. A., Mehrpooya, M., Chitsaz, A., & Athari, H. (2021). Design and financial parametric assessment and optimization of a novel solar-driven freshwater and hydrogen cogeneration system with thermal energy storage. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 45, 101096.
[29] Virkar, A. V. (2010). Mechanism of oxygen electrode delamination in solid oxide electrolyzer cells. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 35(18), 9527-9543.
[30] Holagh, S. G., Haghghi, M. A., & Chitsaz, A. (2022). Which methane-fueled fuel cell is of superior performance in CCHP applications; solid oxide or molten carbonate?. Fuel, 312, 122936.
[31] Stempien, J. P., Sun, Q., & Chan, S. H. (2013). Solid Oxide Electrolyzer Cell Modeling: A Review. Journal of Power Technologies, 93(4).
[32] Mohammadi, A., & Mehrpooya, M. (2018). Techno-economic analysis of hydrogen production by solid oxide electrolyzer coupled with dish collector. Energy Conversion and Management, 173, 167-178.
[33] Wang, F., Wang, L., Ou, Y., Lei, X., Yuan, J., Liu, X., & Zhu, Y. (2021). Thermodynamic analysis of solid oxide electrolyzer integration with engine waste heat recovery for hydrogen production. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 27, 101240.
[34] Hjeij, D., Biçer, Y., & Koç, M. (2022). Thermodynamic analysis of a multigeneration system using solid oxide cells for renewable power-to-X conversion. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.
[35] Xu, Y. P., Lin, Z. H., Ma, T. X., She, C., Xing, S. M., Qi, L. Y., ... & Pan, J. (2022). Optimization of a biomass-driven Rankine cycle integrated with multi-effect desalination, and solid oxide electrolyzer for power, hydrogen, and freshwater production. Desalination, 525, 115486.
[36] Alirahmi, S. M., Assareh, E., Pourghassab, N. N., Delpisheh, M., Barelli, L., & Baldinelli, A. (2022). Green hydrogen & electricity production via geothermal-driven multi-generation system: Thermodynamic modeling and optimization. Fuel, 308, 122049.
[37] Xu, C., Wang, Z., Li, X., & Sun, F. (2011). Energy and exergy analysis of solar power tower plants. Applied Thermal Engineering, 31(17-18), 3904-3913.
[38] Linares, J. I., Montes, M. J., Cantizano, A., & Sánchez, C. (2020). A novel supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton power cycle for power tower concentrating solar plants. Applied Energy, 263, 114644.
[39] AlZahrani, A. A., & Dincer, I. (2016). Design and analysis of a solar tower based integrated system using high temperature electrolyzer for hydrogen production. international journal of hydrogen energy, 41(19), 8042-8056.
[40] Cao, Y., Dhahad, H. A., Togun, H., Haghghi, M. A., Anqi, A. E., Farouk, N., & Rosen, M. A. (2021). Seasonal design and multi-objective optimization of a novel biogas-fueled cogeneration application. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46(42), 21822-21843.
[41] Cao, Y., Haghghi, M. A., Shamsaiee, M., Athari, H., Ghaemi, M., & Rosen, M. A. (2020). Evaluation and optimization of a novel geothermal-driven hydrogen production system using an electrolyser fed by a two-stage organic Rankine cycle with different working fluids. Journal of Energy Storage, 32, 101766.
[42] Haghghi, M. A., Mohammadi, Z., Pesteei, S. M., Chitsaz, A., & Parham, K. (2020). Exergoeconomic evaluation of a system driven by parabolic trough solar collectors for combined cooling, heating, and power generation; a case study. Energy, 192, 116594.
[43] Habibollahzade, A., Gholamian, E., Houshfar, E., & Behzadi, A. (2018). Multi-objective optimization of biomass-based solid oxide fuel cell integrated with Stirling engine and electrolyzer. Energy conversion and management, 171, 1116-1133.
[44] Delpisheh, M., Haghghi, M. A., Athari, H., & Mehrpooya, M. (2021). Desalinated water and hydrogen generation from seawater via a desalination unit and a low temperature electrolysis using a novel solar-based setup. international journal of hydrogen energy, 46(10), 7211-7229.
[45] Athari, H., Kiasatmanesh, F., Haghghi, M. A., Teymourzadeh, F., Yagoublou, H., & Delpisheh, M. (2022). Investigation of an auxiliary option to meet local energy demand via an innovative small-scale geothermal-driven system; a seasonal analysis. Journal of Building Engineering, 50, 103902.
[46] Moran, M. J., Shapiro, H. N., Boettner, D. D., & Bailey, M. B. (2010). Fundamentals of engineering thermodynamics. John Wiley & Sons.
[47] Bejan, A., Tsatsaronis, G., & Moran, M. J. (1995). Thermal design and optimization. John Wiley & Sons.
)