University of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Design and Analysis of On-grid 150 kW Bifacial Solar Photovoltaic System3909392310793310.22059/jser.2026.409047.1699ENFadhil MahmoodOleiwiEnergy and Renewable Energies Technology Center, University of Technology, Baghdad, P.O. Box:10066-Iraq0000-0003-3261-4085JaberO. DahloosResearch of Environment and Renewable Energy, Karbala University, Karbala, P.O. Box:1152- Iraq0000-0003-3718-6104Raheem HusseinRhaifDepartment of Physics, College of Science, University of Sumer, Rifai, P.O. Box: 64001, Iraq0009-0009-8525-941XSalam WaleyShneenEnergy and Renewable Energies Technology Center, University of Technology, Baghdad, P.O. Box:10066-Iraq0000-0003-3478-3763Journal Article20251231The use of renewable energy, especially solar photovoltaic power, is essential for energy efficiency and reduces emissions that harm the environment and human health. In this study, a 150 kW on-grid photovoltaic system was designed and analysed by PV-sys software. The work's location near the river keeps the site cooler. The modules use a bifacial design, which offers high efficiency and a low annual degradation rate of about 1%. The optimum tilt angle, spacing between modules, and module height above the ground are 30°, 6m, and 1.5m, respectively. The rooftop and ceiling areas of the garage are sufficient for installing the system. The annual incident irradiance, output power, and PR are 2033.9 kWh/m<sup>2</sup>, 268.169 MWh, and 85.89%, respectively. The total CO2 emission is 5697.1 t. The cost of the system is 150,000,000 $. At the local tariff of $0.0066-$0.023/kWh, the payback period is 6.6 years. The realized profits exceed 200% of the cost price in just twenty years. Installing the current system, providing heat insulation for the building's rooftop and garage ceiling. Also, free energy without gas emission, and new jobs. Compared to a hybrid system of the same capacity.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_107933_88821b2f042b5c4b27ab98db6f46f1e8.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Experimental Assessment of A Solar-Powered Lithium Bromide-Water Absorption Cooling System for Sustainable Air Conditioning in Hot Climate Regions3924393610773510.22059/jser.2026.409023.1698ENSanaa M.HadiMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq;0000-0002-1713-4860Mushtaq I.HasanMechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Thi-Qar, Iraq0000-0002-1713-4860Mudhar A.Al-ObaidiTechnical Instructor Training Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad 10074, Iraq0000-0002-1713-4860Farhan LaftaRashidPetroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq0009-0003-2010-9919Moneer H.TolephihCollege of Engineering, Al-Naji University, Baghdad, Iraq0009-0003-2010-9919Journal Article20251228This research conducted an experimental study by looking at a solar-powered single-effect absorption cooling system with 1 kW power under hot climate conditions in Nasiriyah, Iraq. The working fluid is a 55% solution of lithium bromide-water and the thermal energy is supplied by an evacuated tube solar collector. The developed system is assessed by measuring the correlation between solar radiation, ambient temperature, and component temperature tested in August 2024 while the solar radiation is at its peak intensity of 945 W/m<sup>2</sup>. The outcomes indicate that an increase in solar radiation can result in an increase in the temperature of the generator that boosts the evaporation of refrigerant and the overall performance of the system. The best operational efficiency can be attained when the generator operates at 94 <sup>o</sup>C and evaporator at 28 <sup>o</sup>C. The results verify that solar-driven absorption cooling is a technical and a sustainable alternative to traditional cooling systems in highly solar-irradiated regions, which has great potential of cutting down on the reliance on fossil fuels and limiting environmental impact.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_107735_7d5e328070a34d2f04bc2a96c97a6300.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Impact of Ground Albedo on Monofacial and Bifacial PV Modules: A PVsyst-Based Performance Evaluation under South Indian Climate3937395110792810.22059/jser.2026.408422.1690ENDineshManickamDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Adhi College of Engineering and Technology, Kanchipuram, India0000-0002-8461-790XVijayaprabhuArumugamDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Siddharth Institute of Engineering and Technology, Puttur, India0000-0002-8728-7862ThangalakshmiSivalingamSchool of Marine Engineering and Technology, Indian maritime University, Maharashtra, India0000-0003-4523-9210BhaskarKosuru Bojji RajuDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Adhi College of Engineering and Technology, Kanchipuram, India0000-0003-2464-4110Dinesh BabuKesavanDepartment of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Adhi College of Engineering and Technology, Kanchipuram, India0000-0001-7285-170XAbhishekAgarwalDepartment of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia0000-0002-0900-6383Journal Article20251219This investigation evaluates the influence of rooftop reflectance on the performance of mono- and bifacial photovoltaic systems using a PVsyst-based simulation of a 125 kWp rooftop installation under tropical climatic conditions in southern India. Both photovoltaic technologies were analysed using identical electrical and geometric configurations so that rooftop albedo remained the only varying parameter. A reference albedo of 0.30 was considered for both technologies, while enhanced albedo scenarios of 0.50, 0.60, and 0.85 were evaluated for bifacial modules. Simulation results show that the monofacial system operating at an albedo of 0.30 generated 188.45 MWh/year with a performance ratio (PR) of 83.76%, whereas the bifacial configuration under identical conditions produced 187.11 MWh/year. As the rooftop albedo increased, the annual energy yield of the bifacial system increased to 187.86, 188.23, and 189.16 MWh/year for albedo values of 0.50, 0.60, and 0.85, respectively. This improvement was accompanied by a marginal reduction in PR from 83.17% to 82.83%, primarily due to higher operating temperatures associated with increased rear-side irradiance. The analysis further identifies an albedo-dependent performance transition threshold between 0.60 and 0.85, beyond which bifacial modules provide superior annual energy performance compared with monofacial modules.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_107928_4621550e81781ae69f07b7427596e876.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Numerical Design Optimization of a Scaled Solar Chimney Power Plant Using Guide-Assisted Collectors for Agricultural Applications- case study of Khenchela (Algeria)3952396610805710.22059/jser.2026.410570.1756ENHalimaBoukhamlaMechanical Engineering Department, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela Algeria0009-0001-0862-2141AbdelmadjidChehhatMechanical Engineering Department, Abbes Laghrour University of Khenchela Algeria0000-0003-1088-253XMohamedSi-AmeurLESEI (Laboratoire des Etudes des systems Energétiques Industriels) laboratory, University of Batna 2, Algeria0009-0004-7919-6591Journal Article20260607This research develops a theoretical framework for a solar chimney system comprising a collector, turbine, and vertical chimney. Global solar radiation and air temperature were calculated for midday on June 21st. The constructed model was utilized to simulate conditions using meteorological data from a specific summer day in Khenchela under realistic local climatic and operating conditions throughout summer while the physical proportions of Spain's Manzanares plant were reduced to one-tenth scale to project the facility's potential electricity yield. The effect of guides surrounding the collector on the electricity generated was simulated to determine the most effective SCPP for fulfilling the electricity demands of the agricultural area in Khenchela. The simulations revealed that an optimal configuration of nine guides could produce 72 W of electrical power. Results indicated that the efficiency of an SCPP is largely determined by its design dimensions, the surrounding air temperature, and the level of solar radiation.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_108057_1e1b8e0be60f755e3649520dbb73df3f.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Artificial Neural Network-Based Maximum Power Point Tracking Control for Power Quality Enhancement in a Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System3967398110822310.22059/jser.2026.414342.1740ENHareeshSitaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Mother Theresa Institute of Engineering and Technology,
Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh - 517408, India0009-0009-0884-5298ParimalasundarEzhilvannanProfessor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS),
Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 602105, India.0000-0001-6124-2685MuthukaruppasamySDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,
Velammal Institute of Technology,
Panjetty, Chennai, Tamilnadu - 601204, India0000-0002-7978-4236Journal Article20260513Grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems require accurate maximum power point tracking (MPPT), stable direct-current (DC)-link voltage regulation, and improved grid power quality under variable irradiance and temperature. Conventional MPPT methods often exhibit tracking delays and steady-state oscillations and have a limited ability to maintain low harmonic distortion in the grid current under dynamic operating conditions. This simulation-based work develops an artificial neural network (ANN)-based MPPT control strategy for improving power extraction, DC-link stability, and grid-current quality in a single-phase grid-connected PV system. The ANN controller uses irradiance, cell temperature, PV voltage, current, and power as input variables to estimate the voltage reference corresponding to the maximum power point. The error between the predicted reference voltage and the measured PV voltage is used to adjust the duty cycle of the DC–DC boost converter, while the regulated DC-link supports synchronized inverter operation. Under the simulated operating conditions, the system attained a PV voltage of 192 V, a PV current of 0.308 A, and an output power of 59.17 W, a duty cycle of 0.55, a DC-link voltage of 426 V, a switching frequency of 25 kHz, an RMS grid voltage of 230 V, and a grid-current THD of 3.42%.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_108223_fcc861ec479a79f7fb9befb13192238b.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Comparative Thermal Analysis of Conventional and Square-Corrugated Basin Solar Stills in Basra3982399510816510.22059/jser.2026.414590.1741ENEsraa HassanainYousifThermal Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Technical College, Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq.0009-0007-0413-0821Adnan AbdullahAteeqChemical and Petrochemical Engineering Department, Engineering Technical College, Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq0000-0003-2828-9646Tahseen AliJabbarThermal Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Technical College, Southern Technical University, Basra, Iraq0000-0002-0602-9627Journal Article20260517<span lang="EN-GB">Solar stills represent a promising technology for decentralized freshwater production in arid and semi-arid regions. Nevertheless, their large-scale utilization remains limited by their relatively low distillate productivity and thermal efficiency. To address this limitation, the present study numerically investigates the influence of basin geometry on the thermal performance and productivity of a single-slope solar still. The analysis compares a conventional flat basin with a square-corrugated basin under identical operating conditions in Basra, Iraq, on 28 October 2025. A transient two-dimensional CFD model was developed in ANSYS Fluent, and the predicted basin water and glass cover temperatures were coupled with Dunkle correlations to estimate the hourly and daily distillate yield. The square-corrugated basin showed a clear improvement over the flat basin, with peak hourly productivity increasing from 0.72 to 0.89 kg/m²·h and cumulative daily yield increasing from 2.97 to 3.9 kg/m²·day. The average daily thermal efficiency also improved from 44.7% to 67.3%. Overall, this geometric modification achieved a 31.12% improvement in freshwater production. These results indicate that increasing the effective heat-transfer area by modifying the basin geometry improved the thermal behavior of the solar still and significantly enhanced its productivity under identical climatic conditions.</span>https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_108165_33b09b18a54340f14a0d0d7ee53d4ec5.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Experimental Study of Nanoparticles-Coated Solar Photovoltaic Modules: Energy and Exergy Enhancement3996401010818910.22059/jser.2026.416510.1762ENAhmedKhudhurDepartment of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0009-0004-7063-4516HusseinJobairDepartment of Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq0000-0002-1582-1843Journal Article20260614<span lang="EN-GB">This study experimentally investigates the effect of TiO₂ and SiO₂ nanocoatings on the photovoltaic (PV) modules performance under Baghdad, Iraq, climatic conditions. Three identical monocrystalline PV modules; an uncoated reference module and two nanocoated modules, were tested under real outdoor conditions during three separate experimental days. The effects of solar irradiance, ambient temperatures, and dust accumulation on the electrical, thermal, energy, and exergy performances of the investigated modules were evaluated. The results showed that the nanocoated PV modules performed better than the reference module and the difference in performance increased with the dust accumulation. The maximum power output of the reference module decreased to 29.50 W, whereas the TiO<sub>2</sub>- and SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated modules generated 35.90 W and 37.90 W, respectively, on the third day of testing. The electrical efficiency of the reference module decreased to around 10%, while the TiO<sub>2</sub>- and SiO<sub>2</sub>-coated modules kept efficiencies around 13% and 14%, respectively. The exergy efficiency remained higher for the coated modules throughout the experimental period. These results demonstrate that SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocoating is a practical, low-cost, and effective way to reduce the dust-induced performance degradation and improve the operation of the PV systems in the dusty environments.</span>https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_108189_d325c9e2f4daa466b1ce617d374b51d4.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Enhancing Stand-Alone PV Pumping Efficiency: An Experimental Study of Low-Tilt Angle Optimization in Southern Hemisphere Season4011402010824710.22059/jser.2026.410950.1719ENAhmad AgusSetiawanDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0001-6966-7183Apri TriNugrohoMaster’s Program in System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0000-1289-488XDinda Al HumamAnnajmiDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0000-3732-0487Rosyid RizkiyantoJatiMaster’s Program in System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0007-8229-4602MiharzaIrfandiMaster’s Program in System Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0006-6656-9744BudiyonoBudiyonoDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0006-1782-1851WahyudiMaulanaDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia0009-0005-5618-6515Journal Article20260212This experiment investigates the performance optimization of a stand-alone photovoltaic water pumping system (PVWPS) in the tropical region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia (7<span lang="EN-GB">°</span><span lang="EN-GB">S latitude</span>), specifically during the December Solstice. While conventional designs often utilize fixed latitude-based tilt angles, this research proposes a seasonal micro-adjustment strategy to address the sun's extreme Southern position during the rainy season. An experimental comparison was conducted between two low-tilt configurations (5<span lang="EN-GB">°</span> vs. 10<span lang="EN-GB">°</span>) on a 1.65 kWp off-grid system powering a 290 W surface pump. Data were collected under real operating conditions (10:00–14:00) and filtered to exclude cloud-edge anomalies. The results reveal that the 5<span lang="EN-GB">°</span> tilt angle outperforms the 10<span lang="EN-GB">°</span> configuration, achieving an average electrical efficiency of 17.5% compared to 16.6%. The near-flat orientation minimizes cosine losses and maximizes direct irradiance capture when the sun is at the Tropic of Capricorn. This study recommends a seasonal manual adjustment to 5<span lang="EN-GB">°</span> during the December planting season to enhance water discharge reliability in remote agricultural areas.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_108247_e9ba531a3731bbf83df0694c6da04864.pdfUniversity of TehranJournal of Solar Energy Research2588-309711320260701Enhancing the Performance of a Double-Slope Solar Still Using Thin and Twisted Fins: A Numerical Study4021403510824210.22059/jser.2026.415805.1759ENDuraid ThamerMahmoodMiddle Technical university, Polytechnic College of Engineering Specializations-Baghdad, Power mechanics Techniques, Baghdad, Iraq0009-0003-1326-3061Ziyad TariqSfaieehMiddle Technical University, Engineering Technical College – Baghdad, Fuel and Energy Techniques Engineering Department, Baghdad, Iraq0009-0003-1326-3061Journal Article20260621Water scarcity is a global issue. Solar desalination systems, particularly double-slope solar stills (DSSS), offer an efficient, affordable approach to produce fresh water. This study systematically investigates the influence of fin geometry (thin vs. twisted) and fin number on the thermo-fluid behavior and productivity of DSSS under hot climatic conditions. Using ANSYS Fluent 2019 R1, the mass, momentum, and energy equations were discretised via the finite volume method to examine simultaneous heat, mass, and fluid flow inside the basin. Results show that using fins significantly enhances system performance. At peak time (12:00 PM), productivity improved from 0.8206 L/h (conventional) to 1.4928 L/h for thin fins (81.91% enhancement) and 1.9535 L/h for twisted fins (138.13% enhancement). Efficiency likewise improved from 28.543% to 59.810% and 80.500%, respectively. On a daily basis, productivity and efficiency increased from 3.514 to 8.761 L/m²·day and from 25.87% to 74.97% using 49 twisted fins, representing improvements of 149.32% and 189.68%. Twisted fins exhibit superior performance by enhancing internal mixing, reducing thermal boundary layer thickness, and improving vapor distribution. Ultimately, the best results were obtained with 49 twisted fins, demonstrating that sophisticated geometric modifications are essential to maximize DSSS productivity and efficiency.https://jser.ut.ac.ir/article_108242_e94b4b0d18c2570d79778ea4c5310cc4.pdf